Ask Onix
WHO urges broader access to obesity drugs as global demand surges
The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for expanded and equitable access to GLP-1 obesity medications, warning that fewer than one in 10 eligible individuals currently receive them. The appeal comes as global obesity rates climb, with projections indicating over 2 billion people could be affected by 2030 without intervention.
Barriers to access
High costs, limited production capacity, and supply-chain constraints are cited as major obstacles to universal access. According to the WHO, even under optimistic production forecasts, GLP-1 therapies-such as Novo Nordisk's Wegovy-could reach only around 100 million people, or less than 10% of those in need.
The organization's new guidance recognizes obesity as a chronic disease requiring lifelong care. While not a standalone solution, GLP-1 drugs can help millions manage obesity and reduce associated health risks, said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
"Our greatest concern is equitable access," Tedros stated, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies beyond medication alone.
Shifting perceptions and long-term use
The WHO's endorsement marks a conceptual shift, framing obesity as a treatable chronic condition rather than a lifestyle issue. GLP-1 drugs, which mimic a natural hormone to slow digestion and suppress appetite, are intended for long-term use-six months or more-alongside dietary and exercise guidance to sustain weight loss.
However, research suggests weight regain is common after discontinuation, as normal cravings return. The WHO also warns against unregulated black-market sales, urging patients to obtain prescriptions only through licensed healthcare providers.
Policy recommendations
The WHO guidelines urge countries and pharmaceutical companies to improve access through measures like voluntary licensing, allowing affordable generic versions of patented drugs. A key patent for semaglutide-the active ingredient in Wegovy-expires in 2026, potentially enabling cheaper production in markets like India, Canada, and Brazil.
Beyond medication, the WHO stresses the importance of healthier environments to prevent obesity, which was linked to 3.7 million global deaths in 2024. Overweight and obesity increase risks for diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and certain cancers.
Current availability
In the UK, GLP-1 injections are prescription-only, available through the NHS or private channels. Patients typically begin losing weight within weeks of starting weekly doses.
