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Record number of Indigenous deaths in custody
Australia has recorded its highest number of Indigenous deaths in custody since national tracking began in 1980, according to new government data released on Thursday.
Key figures
In the 12 months leading to June 2025, 33 Indigenous people died in custody-up from 24 the previous year. This accounts for nearly 30% of the 113 total deaths in custody during that period, despite Indigenous Australians making up just 4% of the national population.
Of the 33 deaths, 26 occurred in prison, marking a sharp rise from 18 in the prior year. One death was recorded in youth detention, and six happened while in police custody.
Causes and demographics
The Australian Institute of Criminology report identified self-inflicted harm as the leading cause of death, with hanging responsible for eight cases. Natural causes were the second most common factor. Nearly all who died were male, and the average age was 45. Eleven individuals were awaiting sentencing at the time of their deaths.
Regional breakdown
New South Wales recorded the highest number of Indigenous deaths in prison custody with nine, followed by Western Australia with six. Queensland, South Australia, and the Australian Capital Territory each reported three deaths.
Calls for accountability
NSW State Coroner Teresa O'Sullivan described the rising toll as a "profoundly distressing milestone," emphasizing that the deaths demand "independent and careful scrutiny, respect, and accountability."
"It's maddening to see the number of inquests I attend, the funerals families endure, and the fact that 30 years after the royal commission, the situation is worsening."
Amanda Porter, University of Melbourne criminal law associate professor
Historical context
The data arrives over three decades after a landmark 1991 royal commission into Indigenous deaths in custody, which produced hundreds of recommendations. Since then, 600 Indigenous people have died in custody, including six in youth detention.
Porter, who has attended coronial inquests with bereaved families, told the ABC the figures reflect a "national crisis" requiring urgent political leadership.
