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Last-minute negotiations to prevent federal shutdown
Washington lawmakers are accelerating talks to avert a partial US government shutdown set to begin at midnight on Friday, as disagreements over immigration enforcement policies threaten to derail a $1.2 trillion spending package.
Democrats push for immigration enforcement reforms
Democratic leaders are demanding the removal of Department of Homeland Security (DHS) funding from the broader spending bill following the fatal shooting of 37-year-old Alex Pretti in Minneapolis last Saturday. Reports indicate progress toward an agreement that would impose new restrictions on federal immigration agents, including rules on mask usage and warrant requirements for arrests.
Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer stated, "I will vote no on any legislation that funds ICE until it is reined in and overhauled." He added that Senate Democrats remain "overwhelmingly united" on the issue.
Potential compromise and next steps
Under the emerging deal, five of six spending bills could pass before the deadline, while DHS funding would receive a short-term extension. However, any changes would require re-approval by the House of Representatives, which is currently in recess. Republican Senate Majority Leader John Thune described negotiations as "productive."
Some Senate Democrats have escalated demands, calling for DHS Secretary Kristi Noem's removal and structural reforms to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and US Border Patrol. Schumer condemned recent enforcement actions as "madness" and "terror." Republican Senator John Cornyn of Texas countered that reforms "must not come at the expense of shutting down the government."
Agencies at risk and historical context
A shutdown would disrupt several key agencies, including the Defense Department, Health and Human Services, the Treasury, and the federal court system. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) would also face delays, potentially affecting tax refunds. Essential employees, such as those in the Coast Guard and Secret Service, would continue working without pay.
The last shutdown, spanning 43 days from October to November 2025, was the longest in US history. It left 1.4 million federal workers without pay, disrupted food assistance programs, and caused widespread air travel delays. Since 1981, the US has experienced 16 government shutdowns, though most lasted only a few days.
Senate math complicates passage
The spending bill requires 60 votes to advance in the Senate, where Republicans hold 53 seats. With Democrats largely unified in their opposition to current DHS funding terms, bipartisan support is essential for passage. If no agreement is reached, the shutdown will take effect at 12:01 AM on Friday, January 30.
